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Nephritic Syndrome |
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The nephritic syndrome is the result of
disturbance of glomerular structure that involves
reactive cellular proliferation. This causes reduced glomerular blood flow
(leading to reduced urine
output- oliguria), leakage of red cells from damaged glomeruli (haematuria), and
consequent
retention of waste products (uraemia).
The low renal blood flow activates the renin- angiotensin system, with fluid
retention
and mild hypertension.
Small amounts of proteins are also lost in the urine, but
this is usually trivial.
The haematuria is not gross and is usually manifest as a smoky brown
discoloration of urine.
The nephrotic syndrome is the result of abnormality in GBM or mesangium, such
that the
glomerulus loses the capacity for selective retention of proteins in the blood.
This leads to loss of very
large amounts of protein, mostly albumen, in the urine (proteinuria), with
consequent
loss of protein from the blood (hypoalbumenaemia)leading to oedema.
There is
susceptibility
to infections because of low levels of immunoglobulins and complement,
susceptibility
to thrombosis because of increased levels of fibrinogen in the blood, and
hyperlipidaemia
due to reduced levels of serum apolipoproteins.
Other indications of renal abnormality are intermittent haematuria and
persistent
proteinuria which can be thought of as early partial renal failure. The latter
may precede the
development of a nephrotic syndrome. |
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We give here simplified and accurate information about the disease
Info@somalidoc.com |
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